Several studies have been published recently examining the relationship between weight, metabolic health, and risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. Metabolic syndrome or those who are metabolically unhealthy have the following characteristics:
Any three of the following criteria:
Being metabolically unhealthy at any weight puts one at increased risk for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Paradoxically being normal weight but metabolically unhealthy puts one at the greatest risk, but being overweight or obese still carries a high relative increased risk.
Some earlier studies found that metabolically healthy overweight or obese people did not have an increased risk of CVD and all-cause mortality. New studies have now shown that over the long term, this does not hold up. A study published November 20 in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism found metabolically healthy obese individuals to still have 4 times the risk of developing diabetes and CVD compared to metabolically healthy normal weight people. A December 2 study published in the Annals of Internal Medicine found that metabolically healthy individuals still had an increased risk of CVD and all-cause mortality over normal weight people, but not as high as metabolically unhealthy obese individuals. Overweight and obese individuals are still better off being metabolically healthy, which can often be achieved with regular exercise (increases HDL, lowers blood pressure) and a healthy diet low in simple and starchy carbohydrates (lowers triglycerides, lowers blood sugar).
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