American College of Sports Medicine (ACSM) Shoulder Injuries: Anatomy-> Biomechanics-> specific problems
MOI-> Evaluate-> Tx-> Rehab-> Return To Play
1 Little League Shoulder (fatigue fracture) 2 Humeral Shaft Fracture (throwing sports) 3 Acromial Fracture (gymnastics) 4 Brachial Plexus Injuries (contact sports- football, hockey, soccer) 5 Axillary Neve Injury (contact sports) 6 Suprascapular Nerve Palsy (overhead and throwing sports) 7 Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries (high risk and collision activities) 8 Impingement (repeated overhead activities) 9 Rotator Cuff Tears (overhead sports fall or collision trauma) 10 Instability (GH overuse laxity or trauma) 11 Acute Dislocations (anterior or posterior) 12 Recurrent Instability (subluxation or dislocation) 13 Labral Tears (rotating and twisting leg motions golf, soccer, ice hockey, ballet, football)
Volleyball Injury Prevention for High School Athletes
What to watch out for... the most common volleyball injuries -
While volleyball injuries rank lowest among all major sports, volleyball players are at risk for some traumatic and overuse injuries including:
- Ankle Sprains – Ankle injuries are the most common in volleyball players and the worst volleyball injuries for lost playing time. Usually, injuries can be treated non-operatively with bracing and physio therapy. Occasionally, though, ankle sprains can be associated with subtle fractures or cartilage injuries.
- Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury – Female athletes incur ACL injuries more frequently than their male counterparts do. Like ankle sprains, most ACL injuries in volleyball players occur when a player lands awkwardly after jumping. Usually, ACL tears are associated with a "pop" and immediate knee swelling.
- Medial Collateral Ligament (MCL) and Lateral Collateral Ligament (LCL) – Knee ligament injuries can also occur during volleyball, most commonly to the inside (Medial Collateral Ligament – MCL) or outside (Lateral Collateral Ligament – LCL) of the knee. These injuries are often the result of the leg twisting outward from the midline of the body.
- Rotator Cuff Tendonitis – The mechanics of serving and spiking heavily depend on the rotator cuff muscles for power and movement. Actual tears in the rotator cuff are uncommon in young players, but these muscles can get irritated with overuse.
- Finger Injuries – Fingers are particularly exposed to injury during blocking, setting, and digging motions. Common finger injuries include fractures, dislocations, and tendon and ligament tears. Most injuries occur when the ball forcefully strikes the fingertip.
- Patellar Tendonitis – Patellar tendonitis is inflammation of the tendon that connects the kneecap to the shin bone. Patellar tendonitis is common in any athlete subjected to repetitive, forceful jumping activities, such as volleyballs’ spiking and blocking.
- Lower Back Pain – A common source of chronic pain among volleyball athletes, the lower back is prone to sports-related muscle or ligament strain. If the pain also radiates down the legs with numbness or weakness in the foot or ankle, the culprit may be a herniated disc.
What to do: The best methods of volleyball injury prevention
Protecting athletes from common sports injuries by:
- Working with an athletic trainer or other sports medicine professional to incorporate proper strength training techniques for the lower back, shoulders, and legs
- Using external ankle support (such as braces or taping) to prevent rolling the ankle
- Minimizing your jump training time on hard surfaces
- Warming up and cooling down muscles with stretching and light aerobic exercises before and after every practice session and match
- Staying hydrated and getting plenty of rest
- Eating plenty of protein, produce, calcium, vitamin D, and magnesium in your diet for health and sustained activity
- Wearing any applicable protective gear, including pads
- Prioritizing proper rest. All athletes should take 1-2 days a week and 1-2 months a year away from their sports to prevent burnout and overuse injuries.
- Reporting all injuries. Do not play through the pain!
Four basic principles of biomechanics when lifting (Prehospital Emergency Care - 11th Ed,)
- keep object as close to your body as possible - to move heavy objects use the legs, hips buttock muscles, plus the the contracted abdominals - stack shoulders over hips, over feet, move as a unit - reduce height or distance through which object must move, get closer to the object, lift in stages if necessary
Four basic principles of biomechanics when lifting (Prehospital Emergency Care - 11th Ed,)
- keep object as close to your body as possible - to move heavy objects use the legs, hips buttock muscles, plus the the contracted abdominals - stack shoulders over hips, over feet, move as a unit - reduce height or distance through which object must move, get closer to the object, lift in stages if necessary